Salmonella outbreak from imported eggs spreads to 549 cases

Salmonella cases linked to imported eggs in the UK have now reached 549, according to the latest update from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). The total marks a 3.9% increase since the last report on September 3, as the agency continues its investigation into three separate outbreaks of Salmonella enteritidis.

The cases are divided into three clusters. The largest, t5.9411, accounts for 322 infections and one death. A smaller cluster, t5.9765, has 41 cases and another death. The third cluster, t0.24068, has 186 cases with no fatalities.

The UKHSA has traced many of the infections to food outlets, including small cafés, restaurants, and takeaway businesses. While the agency stresses that the public risk remains low, it has not ruled out further sources.

“Our investigation to date indicates a link to imported eggs,” said Hannah Charles, the UKHSA’s lead epidemiologist. “We will continue to follow up cases and investigate any further common sources if they come to light.” She added that the overall risk to the public remains low, thanks in part to routine whole genome sequencing of salmonella samples from hospitals and primary care.

UK-produced eggs are subject to stricter safety measures. Under the British Lion scheme—covering over 90% of UK eggs, laying hens must be vaccinated against salmonella. However, imported eggs are only required to meet the UK’s minimum standards. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) estimates that as little as 15% of the nearly 2 billion imported eggs undergo identity and physical checks upon arrival.

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For vulnerable groups, infants, young children, pregnant individuals, and the elderly, the FSA advises against consuming raw or lightly cooked eggs unless they carry the British Lion mark or are produced under the Laid in Britain scheme. When dining out, the safest approach is to ensure eggs are thoroughly cooked.

The outbreak has renewed scrutiny over imported eggs, which critics argue often fall short of UK standards. Noble Foods, a UK egg producer, emphasized that domestic farmers invest heavily in food safety, animal health, and traceability, urging consumers to trust that high standards apply regardless of origin.

While the UKHSA has not identified a single source for all cases, the focus remains on imported eggs. The agency’s investigation is ongoing, and further updates may emerge as more data is analyzed.

The UKHSA’s sequencing efforts have already helped pinpoint the outbreaks, but the agency’s ability to track imported eggs is limited by inconsistent inspection rates. If current trends continue, pressure may grow on regulators to tighten import controls. For now, the advice remains clear: thorough cooking is the safest option for those most at risk.